I-HIV, igama eliphelele legciwane le-human immunodeficiency igciwane elihlasela amangqamuzana asiza umzimba ukulwa nokutheleleka, okwenza umuntu abe sengozini enkulu yokuthola ezinye izifo. Lisakazeka ngokuxhumana noketshezi oluthile lomzimba lomuntu one-HIV. Njengoba sonke sazi, Lisakazeka kakhulu ngesikhathi socansi olungavikelekile (ucansi ngaphandle kwekhondomu noma umuthi we-HIV wokuvimbela noma ukwelapha i-HIV), noma ngokwabelana ngemishini yomuthi wokujova, njll.

Uma ingelashwa,I-HIVkungaholela esifweni i-AIDS (i-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), okuyisifo esibi kakhulu phakathi kwethu sonke.

Umzimba womuntu awukwazi ukuqeda i-HIV futhi akukho ikhambi elisebenzayo le-HIV elikhona. Ngakho-ke, uma usunesifo se-HIV, usunaso impilo yakho yonke.

Nokho, ngenhlanhla, ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo ngemithi ye-HIV (okubizwa ngokuthi i-antiretroviral therapy noma i-ART) sekuyatholakala manje. Uma kuthathwa njengoba kuyalelwe, imithi ye-HIV inganciphisa inani le-HIV egazini (elibizwa nangokuthi i-viral load) liye ezingeni eliphansi kakhulu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-viral suppression. Uma i-viral load yomuntu iphansi kakhulu kangangokuthi ilabhorethri ejwayelekile ayikwazi ukuyithola, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-viral load engabonakali. Abantu abane-HIV abathatha imithi ye-HIV njengoba kuyalelwe futhi bathole futhi bagcine i-viral load engabonakali bangaphila impilo ende futhi enempilo futhi ngeke badlulisele i-HIV kubalingani babo abangenayo i-HIV ngocansi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene ezisebenzayo zokuvimbela ukuthola i-HIV ngokusebenzisa ucansi noma izidakamizwa, okuhlanganisa ukuvimbela ukusabalala kwegciwane ngaphambi kokuvezwa (i-PrEP), imithi abantu abasengozini yokuthola i-HIV abayithathayo ukuze bavimbele ukuthola i-HIV ngokusebenzisa ucansi noma izidakamizwa ngomjovo, kanye nokuvimbela ukusabalala kwegciwane ngemva kokuvezwa (i-PEP), imithi ye-HIV ethathwa zingakapheli amahora angu-72 ngemuva kokuchayeka okungenzeka ukuze kuvinjelwe igciwane ukuthi lingangeni.

Iyini i-AIDS?
Ingculazi yisigaba sokugcina sokutheleleka nge-HIV esenzeka lapho amasosha omzimba onakele kakhulu ngenxa yegciwane.

E-US, abantu abaningi abanegciwane lesandulela ngculazi ababi ne-AIDS. Isizathu siwukuthi bathatha imithi yesandulela ngculazi njengoba kuyalelwe, bavimba ukuqhubeka kwalesi sifo ukuze bagweme lokhu kusebenza kahle.

Umuntu one-HIV ubhekwa njengosedlulele kwi-AIDS uma:

inani lamaseli abo e-CD4 liwela ngaphansi kwamaseli angu-200 nge-cubic millimeter yegazi (amaseli angu-200/mm3). (Kumuntu onesimiso somzimba esinempilo, izibalo ze-CD4 ziphakathi kwamaseli angu-500 no-1,600/mm3.) Noma bathola ukutheleleka okukodwa noma ngaphezulu okungosomathuba kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-CD4 yabo ingakanani.
Ngaphandle kwemithi ye-HIV, abantu abane-AIDS bavame ukusinda iminyaka engaba mi-3 kuphela. Uma umuntu enesifo esiyingozi esingaba amathuba, isikhathi sokuphila ngaphandle kokwelashwa sehla cishe sibe unyaka owodwa. Imithi ye-HIV isengasiza abantu kulesi sigaba sokutheleleka nge-HIV, futhi ingasindisa ngisho nokuphila. Kodwa abantu abaqala imithi ye-HIV ngokushesha ngemva kokuthola i-HIV bathola izinzuzo ezengeziwe. Yingakho ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV kubaluleke kangaka kithi sonke.

Ngingazi Kanjani Uma Ngine-HIV?
Ukuphela kwendlela yokwazi ukuthi une-HIV yini ukuhlolwa. Ukuhlolwa kulula futhi kulula. Ungacela umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuthi akuhlolele i-HIV. Imitholampilo eminingi yezokwelapha, izinhlelo zokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa, izikhungo zezempilo zomphakathi. Uma ungatholakali kuzo zonke lezi zinto, khona-ke isibhedlela naso siyindlela enhle kuwe.

Ukuzihlola i-HIVFuthi kuyindlela yokukhetha. Ukuzihlola kuvumela abantu ukuthi bahlole i-HIV futhi bathole imiphumela yabo emakhaya abo noma kwenye indawo yangasese. Inkampani yethu ithuthukisa ukuzihlola manje. Ukuhlolwa ekhaya kanye nokuhlolwa okuncane ekhaya kulindeleke ukuthi kuhlangane nani nonke ngonyaka ozayo. Masibalinde ndawonye!