Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi Lomlingo Wendle (FOBT)
Kuyini Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi Lomlingo Wendle?
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi elingabonakali lendle (FOBT) kubheka isampula yendle yakho (indle) ukuze kuhlolwe igazi. Igazi elingabonakali lisho ukuthi awukwazi ukulibona ngeso lenyama. Futhi indle isho ukuthi lisendle yakho.

Igazi esitulweni sakho lisho ukuthi kukhona ukopha endleleni yokugaya ukudla. Ukopha kungabangelwa yizimo ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa:

Ama-polyp, ukukhula okungajwayelekile ongqimbeni lwamathumbu amakhulu noma i-rectum
Ama-hemorrhoids, imithambo evuvukele endunu noma e-rectum yakho
I-Diverticulosis, isimo esinezikhwama ezincane odongeni lwangaphakathi lwe-colon
Izilonda, izilonda olwelwesini lomgudu wokugaya ukudla
I-Colitis, uhlobo lwesifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo
Umdlavuza we-Colorectal, uhlobo lomdlavuza oluqala emathunjini noma emathunjini
Umdlavuza we-Coloral Rectum ungomunye wezinhlobo zomdlavuza ezivame kakhulu e-United States. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okungabonakali kwendle kungahlola umdlavuza we-Coloral Rectum ukusiza ekutholeni lesi sifo kusenesikhathi lapho ukwelashwa kungase kuphumelele kakhulu.

Amanye amagama: i-FOBT, igazi eliyimfihlakalo lendle, ukuhlolwa kwegazi eliyimfihlakalo, ukuhlolwa kwe-Hemoccult, ukuhlolwa kwe-guaiac smear, i-gFOBT, i-immunochemical FOBT, i-iFOBT; i-FIT

Isetshenziselwani?
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okungabonakali kwendle kuvame ukusetshenziswa njengokuhlolwa kokuhlola ukusiza ukuthola umdlavuza we-colorectal ngaphambi kokuba ube nezimpawu. Ukuhlolwa kunezinye izindlela zokusebenzisa. Kungenziwa uma kukhona ukukhathazeka ngokuphuma kwegazi emgudwini wokugaya ukudla ngenxa yezinye izimo.

Kwezinye izimo, ukuhlolwa kusetshenziselwa ukusiza ukuthola imbangela ye-anemia. Futhi kungasiza ekuboneni umehluko phakathi kwe-irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), evame ukubangela ukopha, kanye nesifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo (IBD), okungenzeka sibangele ukopha.

Kodwa ukuhlolwa kwegazi okungabonakali ngendle kukodwa akukwazi ukuhlonza noma yisiphi isimo. Uma imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwakho ibonisa igazi esithweni sakho, cishe uzodinga ezinye izivivinyo ukuze kuhlonzwe imbangela eqondile.

Kungani ngidinga ukuhlolwa kwegazi elingcolile ngendle?
Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angase akucele ukuhlolwa kwegazi elingabonakali lendle uma unezimpawu zesimo esingase sihilele ukopha endleleni yakho yokugaya ukudla. Noma ungase udinge ukuhlolwa ukuze kuhlolwe umdlavuza we-colonectal uma ungenazo izimpawu.

Amaqembu ochwepheshe bezokwelapha ancoma kakhulu ukuthi abantu bathole ukuhlolwa njalo komdlavuza we-colonectal. Amaqembu amaningi ezokwelapha ancoma ukuthi uqale ukuhlolwa uneminyaka engu-45 noma engu-50 uma unengozi evamile yokuba nomdlavuza we-colonectal. Ancoma ukuhlolwa njalo kuze kube yilapho okungenani uneminyaka engu-75. Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho ngengozi yakho yokuba nomdlavuza we-colonectal nokuthi kufanele uthole nini ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi elingabonakali lendle kuyindlela eyodwa noma eziningana zokuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kwe-colorectal. Ezinye izivivinyo zifaka:

Ukuhlolwa kwe-DNA yendle. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuhlola indle yakho ukuthi ayinazo yini igazi namaseli anezinguquko zofuzo ezingaba uphawu lomdlavuza.
I-Colonoscopy noma i-sigmoidoscopy. Zombili izivivinyo zisebenzisa ithubhu elincane elinekhamera ukuze libheke ngaphakathi kwekholoni lakho. I-colonoscopy ivumela umhlinzeki wakho ukuthi abone lonke ikholoni lakho. I-sigmoidoscopy ibonisa ingxenye engezansi yekholoni lakho kuphela.
I-CT colonography, ebizwa nangokuthi “i-virtual colonoscopy.” Kulolu vivinyo, uvame ukuphuza idayi ngaphambi kokuba wenze i-CT scan esebenzisa ama-x-ray ukuze uthathe izithombe ezinemininingwane ezi-3-dimensional zekholoni lakho lonke kanye ne-rectum.
Kunezinzuzo nezingozi zohlobo ngalunye lokuhlolwa. Umhlinzeki wakho angakusiza ukuthola ukuthi yikuphi ukuhlolwa okufanele wena.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwegazi elingcolile lendle?
Ngokuvamile, umhlinzeki wakho uzokunikeza ikhithi yokuqoqa amasampula endle yakho ekhaya. Ikhithi izofaka imiyalelo yokuthi ungayenza kanjani isivivinyo.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuhlolwa kwegazi elingabonakali lendle:

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi le-guaiac fecal occult blood (gFOBT) kusebenzisa ikhemikhali (guaiac) ukuthola igazi endle. Ngokuvamile kudinga amasampula endle avela ekunyakazeni kwamathumbu okubili noma amathathu ahlukene.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-fecal immunochemical (iFOBT noma i-FIT) kusebenzisa ama-antibodies ukuthola igazi esitofini. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-FIT kungcono ekutholeni umdlavuza we-colorectal kunokuhlolwa kwe-gFOBT. Ukuhlolwa kwe-FIT kudinga amasampula esitofini kusukela ekunyakazeni kwamathumbu okukodwa kuya kwezintathu ezihlukene, kuye ngohlobo lokuhlolwa.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo eza nekhithi yakho yokuhlola. Inqubo evamile yokuqoqa isampula yendle ivame ukufaka lezi zinyathelo ezijwayelekile:

Ukuqoqa ukunyakaza kokuphuma komoya. Ikhithi yakho ingafaka iphepha elikhethekile ongalibeka phezu kwendlu yakho yangasese ukuze ubambe ukunyakaza komoya. Noma ungasebenzisa ipulasitiki yokugoqa noma isitsha esihlanzekile nesomile. Uma wenza ukuhlolwa kwe-guaiac, qaphela ukuthi ungavumeli noma yimuphi umchamo uhlangane nendle yakho.
Ukuthatha isampula yendle ekunyakazeni kwamathumbu. Ikhithi yakho izofaka induku yokhuni noma ibhulashi lokufaka ukuze uklwebhe isampula yendle ekunyakazeni kwamathumbu akho. Landela imiyalelo yokuthi uzoyithatha kuphi isampula esitulweni.
Ukulungiselela isampula yendle. Uzogcoba indle ekhadini lokuhlola elikhethekile noma ufake i-applicator kanye nesampula yendle epayipini elifike nekhithi yakho.
Ukulebula nokuvala isampula njengoba kuqondiswe.
Ukuphinda ukuhlolwa ekunyakazeni kwakho okulandelayo kwamathumbu njengoba kuqondiswe uma kudingeka amasampula angaphezu kwelilodwa.
Ukuthumela amasampula njengoba kuqondiswe.
Ingabe kuzodingeka ngenze noma yini ukuze ngilungiselele ukuhlolwa?
Ukuhlolwa kwe-fecal immunochemical (FIT) akudingi noma yikuphi ukulungiselela, kodwa ukuhlolwa kwegazi le-fecal occult fecal (gFOBT) kuyadinga. Ngaphambi kokuba wenze ukuhlolwa kwe-gFOBT, umhlinzeki wakho angakucela ukuthi ugweme ukudla okuthile nemithi engathinta imiphumela yokuhlolwa.

Ezinsukwini eziyisikhombisa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, kungadingeka ugweme:

Imithi engeyona i-steroidal, elwa nokuvuvukala (ama-NSAID), njenge-ibuprofen, i-naproxen, ne-aspirin. Uma uthatha i-aspirin yezinkinga zenhliziyo, khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngaphambi kokuyeka umuthi wakho. Ungase ukwazi ukuthatha i-acetaminophen phakathi nalesi sikhathi kodwa hlola nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngaphambi kokuwuthatha.
I-Vitamin C ngamanani angaphezu kuka-250 mg ngosuku. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-vitamin C evela ezithasiselo, amajusi ezithelo, noma izithelo.
Ezinsukwini ezintathu ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, kungadingeka ugweme:

Inyama ebomvu, njengenyama yenkomo, yemvu, neyengulube. Izimpawu zegazi ezivela kulezi nyama zingase zibonakale esitulweni sakho.
Ingabe kukhona izingozi zokuhlolwa?
Akukho bungozi obaziwayo bokuhlolwa kwegazi elingcolile ngendle.

Isho ukuthini imiphumela?
Uma imiphumela yakho evela ekuhlolweni kwegazi okungabonakali kwendle ikhombisa ukuthi unegazi esithweni sakho sokugaya ukudla, kusho ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi unokopha endaweni ethile endleleni yakho yokugaya ukudla. Kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi unomdlavuza ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ezinye izimo ezingase zibangele igazi esithweni sakho sokugaya ukudla zifaka phakathi izilonda, ama-hemorrhoids, ama-polyps, kanye nezimila ezingenobungozi (hhayi umdlavuza).

Uma unegazi esitulweni sakho, umhlinzeki wakho cishe uzoncoma ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuthola indawo eqondile kanye nembangela yokopha kwakho. Ukuhlolwa okulandelayo okuvame kakhulu yi-colonoscopy. Uma unemibuzo mayelana nemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwakho, khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuhlolwa kwelabhorethri, ububanzi bokubhekisela, kanye nemiphumela yokuqonda.

Ingabe kukhona okunye okudingeka ngikwazi mayelana nokuhlolwa kwegazi okungabonakali ngendle?
Ukuhlolwa njalo komdlavuza we-colorectal, njengokuhlolwa kwegazi elingcolile lendle, kuyithuluzi elibalulekile ekulweni nomdlavuza. Izifundo zibonisa ukuthi ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kungasiza ekutholeni umdlavuza kusenesikhathi futhi kunganciphisa ukufa ngenxa yalesi sifo.

Uma unquma ukusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi elingabonakali lendle ekuhlolweni kwakho komdlavuza we-colorectal, kuzodingeka wenze ukuhlolwa njalo ngonyaka.

Ungathenga amakhithi okuqoqa indle ye-gFOBT ne-FIT ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela. Iningi lalezi zivivinyo lidinga ukuthi uthumele isampula yendle yakho elabhorethri. Kodwa ezinye izivivinyo zingenziwa ekhaya ngokuphelele ukuze uthole imiphumela esheshayo. Uma ucabanga ukuthenga isivivinyo sakho, buza umhlinzeki wakho ukuthi yisiphi esikulungele.

Bonisa izinkomba
Izihloko Zezempilo Ezihlobene
Umdlavuza we-Colorectal
Ukopha Kwamathumbu
Ukuhlolwa Kwezokwelapha Okuhlobene
I-Anoscopy
Ukuhlolwa Kwezokwelapha Ekhaya
Ukuhlolwa Kokuhlolwa Komdlavuza We-Colorectal
Indlela Yokubhekana Nokukhathazeka Kokuhlolwa Kwezokwelapha
Indlela Yokulungiselela Ukuhlolwa Kwelebhu
Indlela Yokuqonda Imiphumela Yakho Yelebhu
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Osmolality
Iseli Elimhlophe Legazi (i-WBC) Esithweni Sokulala
Ulwazi olukulesi siza akufanele lusetshenziswe esikhundleni sokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha noma iseluleko sochwepheshe. Xhumana nomhlinzeki wezempilo uma unemibuzo mayelana nempilo yakho.