I-fecal calprotectin (FC) iyiprotheni ebopha i-calcium engu-36.5 kDa ehlanganisa u-60% wamaprotheni e-neutrophil cytoplasmic futhi iqongelelwa futhi isebenze ezindaweni zokuvuvukala kwamathumbu bese ikhishwa ingene endle.

I-FC inezakhiwo ezahlukahlukene zezinto eziphilayo, okuhlanganisa imisebenzi yokulwa namagciwane, yokulawula amasosha omzimba, kanye neyokuvimbela ukwanda kwamagciwane. Ikakhulukazi, ukuba khona kwe-FC kuhlobene ngobuningi nokufuduka kwama-neutrophils aye emgudwini wokugaya ukudla. Ngakho-ke, kuyisibonakaliso esiwusizo sokuvuvukala kwamathumbu ukunquma ukuba khona kanye nobukhali bokuvuvukala emathunjini.

Kungathatha izinyathelo ezine kuphela ukuze kukhule kusukela ekuvuvukeni kwamathumbu kuya kumdlavuza: ukuvuvukala kwamathumbu -> ama-polyp amathumbu -> i-adenoma -> umdlavuza wamathumbu. Le nqubo ithatha iminyaka noma amashumi eminyaka, ihlinzeka ngamathuba anele okuhlolwa kwezifo zamathumbu kusenesikhathi. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi abantu abaningi abanaki ukuhlolwa kusenesikhathi, amacala amaningi omdlavuza wamathumbu atholakala esesigabeni esithuthukile.

Ngokusho kwedatha egunyaziwe ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe, izinga lokusinda kweminyaka emi-5 yomdlavuza we-colonectal esigabeni sokuqala lingafinyelela ku-90% kuya ku-95%. Uma kuyi-carcinoma endaweni (isigaba sokuqala), izinga lokwelashwa liseduze no-100%. Izinga lokusinda kweminyaka emi-5 yomdlavuza we-colonectal esigabeni sokugcina lingaphansi kuka-10%. Le datha isikisela ngokuqinile ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwasekuqaleni kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni amazinga okusinda kanye nokwelashwa kweziguli ezinomdlavuza wamathumbu. Njengamanje, abanye ochwepheshe baphakamise ukuthi abantu abavamile kufanele bahlolwe kwasekuqaleni komdlavuza wamathumbu ngemva kweminyaka engama-40, futhi abantu abanomlando womndeni noma ezinye izici eziyingozi kakhulu kufanele bahlolwe kwasekuqaleni.

I-reagent yokuthola i-Calprotectiniwumkhiqizo ongenabuhlungu, ongangenisi, olula ukuwusebenzisa osetshenziselwa ukuhlola izinga lokuvuvukala kwamathumbu nokusiza ekuxilongweni kwezifo ezihlobene nokuvuvukala kwamathumbu (isifo samathumbu esivuvukele, i-adenoma, umdlavuza we-colorectal). Uma ukuhlolwa kwe-calprotectin kungenayo imiphumela emihle, awudingi ukwenza i-colonoscopy okwamanje. Uma umphumela wokuhlolwa ubonisa ukuthi unemiphumela emihle, ungesabi kakhulu. Iningi lemiphumela yangemva kwe-colonoscopy yizilonda ezingaphambi komdlavuza njenge-adenomas. Lezi zilonda zingaphathwa ngempumelelo ngokungenelela kwangaphambi kwesikhathi.