Uvavanyo lwegazi lobuGcisa lobuGcisa (FOBT)
Yintoni uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-Fecal Occult?
Uvavanyo lwegazi lobugqi (i-FOBT) lujonga isampulu yelindle lakho (indle) ukujonga igazi. Igazi lobugqi lithetha ukuba awukwazi ukulibona ngeliso lenyama. Kwaye i-fecal ithetha ukuba isesandleni sakho.

Igazi kwisitulo sakho kuthetha ukuba kukho ukopha kumjelo wokwetyisa. Ukopha kunokubangelwa ziimeko ezahlukeneyo, kuquka:

Iipolyps, ukukhula okungaqhelekanga kwinwebu yekholoni okanye kwirectum
Ihemorrhoids, ukudumba kwemithambo kumpundu okanye kwirectum
I-Diverticulosis, imeko enezingxobo ezincinci kudonga lwangaphakathi lwekholoni
Izilonda, izilonda kulwelwesi lwendlela yokwetyisa
I-colitis, uhlobo lwesifo sesibindi esivuthayo
Umhlaza wesisu, uhlobo lomhlaza oqala kwikholoni okanye kwi-rectum
Umhlaza weColorectal yenye yezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zomhlaza eUnited States. Uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-fecal lobugqi lunokuhlola umhlaza we-colorectal ukunceda ukufumana isifo kwangoko xa unyango lunokusebenza kakhulu.

Amanye amagama: I-FOBT, igazi elingcolileyo le-stool, uvavanyo lwegazi lobugqi, uvavanyo lwe-Hemoccult, uvavanyo lwe-guaiac smear, i-gFOBT, i-immunochemical FOBT, iFOBT; FIT

Isetyenziselwa ntoni?
Uvavanyo lwegazi lobugqi oluqhelekileyo lusetyenziswa njengovavanyo lokuhlola ukunceda ukufumana umhlaza we-colorectal ngaphambi kokuba ube neempawu. Uvavanyo lukwanalo nezinye izinto ezisetyenziswayo. Ingenziwa xa kukho inkxalabo malunga nokuphuma kwegazi kwi-digestive tract ukusuka kwezinye iimeko.

Kwezinye iimeko, uvavanyo lusetyenziselwa ukunceda ukufumana unobangela we-anemia. Kwaye inokunceda ukuxelela umahluko phakathi kwe-irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), edla ngokungabangi ukopha, kunye nesifo sesibindi esivuthayo (IBD), esinokubangela ukopha.

Kodwa uvavanyo lwegazi lobugqi lulodwa alukwazi ukuxilonga nayiphi na imeko. Ukuba iziphumo zakho zovavanyo zibonisa igazi kwisitulo sakho, uya kufuna ezinye iimvavanyo zokufumanisa owona nobangela.

Kutheni ndidinga uvavanyo lwegazi lobugqi?
Umboneleli wakho wezempilo unokuyalela uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-fecal occult ukuba unempawu zemeko enokubandakanya ukopha kwindlela yakho yokugaya. Okanye unokuba novavanyo lokujonga umhlaza we-colorectal xa ungenazo naziphi na iimpawu.

Amaqela eengcali zonyango acebisa ngamandla ukuba abantu bafumane uvavanyo rhoqo lomhlaza wesisu. Uninzi lwamaqela onyango acebisa ukuba uqalise iimvavanyo zovavanyo xa uneminyaka engama-45 okanye engama-50 ukuba unomngcipheko ophakathi wokuba nomhlaza we-colorectal. Bacebisa uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo kude kube yiminyaka engama-75 ubuncinci. Thetha nomboneleli wakho malunga nomngcipheko wakho womhlaza wesisu kunye nokuba kufuneka ufumane uvavanyo lovavanyo.

Uvavanyo lwegazi lobugqi lunye okanye iindidi ezininzi zovavanyo lwe-colorectal screening. Olunye uvavanyo lubandakanya:

Uvavanyo lwe-DNA yendle. Olu vavanyo lujonga isitulo sakho segazi kunye neeseli ezinotshintsho lwemfuza olunokuba luphawu lomhlaza.
Colonoscopy okanye sigmoidoscopy. Zombini iimvavanyo zisebenzisa ityhubhu encinci enekhamera ukujonga ngaphakathi kwikholoni yakho. I-colonoscopy ivumela umboneleli wakho ukuba abone ikholoni yakho yonke. I-sigmoidoscopy ibonisa kuphela indawo esezantsi yekholoni yakho.
I-CT colonography, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi "virtual colonoscopy." Kolu vavanyo, uqhele ukusela idayi phambi kokuba ube ne-CT scan esebenzisa ii-x-reyi ukuthatha imifanekiso eneenkcukacha ezi-3 zekholoni yakho yonke kunye ne-rectum.
Kukho izinto ezilungileyo kunye nezibi zohlobo ngalunye lovavanyo. Umboneleli wakho unokukunceda ubone ukuba loluphi uvavanyo olulungele wena.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lovavanyo lwegazi lobugqi?
Ngesiqhelo, umboneleli wakho uya kukunika ikiti yokuqokelela iisampulu zesitulo sakho (indle) ekhaya. Ikhithi iya kubandakanya imiyalelo yendlela yokwenza uvavanyo.

Kukho iindidi ezimbini eziphambili zovavanyo lwegazi lobugqi obumdaka:

Uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-guaiac fecal occult blood (gFOBT) lusebenzisa umchiza (i-guaiac) ukufumana igazi elityeni. Idla ngokufuna iisampulu zesitulo ukusuka kwizibilini ezimbini okanye ezintathu ezahlukeneyo.
Uvavanyo lwe-fecal immunochemical test (iFOBT okanye i-FIT) isebenzisa izilwa-buhlungu zokufumana igazi esitulweni. Uphando lubonisa ukuba uvavanyo lwe-FIT lungcono ekufumaneni umhlaza we-colorectal kunovavanyo lwe-gFOBT. Uvavanyo lwe-FIT lufuna iisampulu zesitulo ukusuka kwintshukumo enye ukuya kwezintathu ezahlukeneyo zamathumbu, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lovavanyo.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo eza nekhithi yakho yovavanyo. Inkqubo eqhelekileyo yokuqokelela isampulu yesitulo idla ngokubandakanya la manyathelo aqhelekileyo:

Ukuqokelela intshukumo yamathumbu. Ikiti yakho inokubandakanya iphepha elikhethekileyo onokuthi ulibeke phezu kwendlu yakho yangasese ukuze ubambe ukuhamba kwakho kwamathumbu. Okanye unokusebenzisa isongelo seplastiki okanye isikhongozeli esicocekileyo, esomileyo. Ukuba wenza uvavanyo lwe-guaiac, qaphela ukuba ungavumeli nawuphi na umchamo udibanise kunye nesitulo sakho.
Ukuthatha isampulu yesitulo kwintshukumo yamathumbu. Ikhithi yakho iya kubandakanya intonga yeplanga okanye ibrashi yesifakeli sokukrwela isampulu yesitulo kwintshukumo yakho yamathumbu. Landela imiyalelo yendawo ekuqokelelwa kuyo isampuli kwisitulo.
Ukulungisa isampulu yesitulo. Unokuthambisa isitulo kwikhadi lovavanyo olukhethekileyo okanye ufake isicelo kunye nesampulu yesitulo kumbhobho oze nekhithi yakho.
Ukuleyibhile kunye nokutywina isampuli njengoko kuyalelwe.
Ukuphinda uvavanyo kwintshukumo yakho yamathumbu elandelayo njengoko kuyalelwe ukuba kufuneka isampulu engaphezulu kwesinye.
Ukuthumela iisampuli njengoko kuyalelwe.
Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndenze nantoni na ukulungiselela uvavanyo?
Uvavanyo lwe-fecal immunochemical (FIT) alufuni naluphi na ulungiselelo, kodwa uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-guaiac fecal occult (gFOBT) luyakwenza. Phambi kokuba wenze uvavanyo lwe-gFOBT, umboneleli wakho unokukucela ukuba ukuphephe ukutya okuthile kunye namayeza anokuthi achaphazele iziphumo zovavanyo.

Kwiintsuku ezisixhenxe ngaphambi kovavanyo, unokufuna ukunqanda:

Nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), ezifana ne-ibuprofen, naproxen, kunye ne-aspirin. Ukuba uthatha i-aspirin kwiingxaki zentliziyo, thetha nomboneleli wakho ngaphambi kokuba uyeke amayeza akho. Uyakwazi ukuthatha i-acetaminophen ngeli xesha kodwa jonga umboneleli wakho ngaphambi kokuba uyithathe.
I-Vitamin C kwiimali ezingaphezu kwe-250 mg ngosuku. Oku kubandakanya ivithamin C evela kwizongezelelo, iijusi zeziqhamo, okanye iziqhamo.
Kwiintsuku ezintathu ngaphambi kovavanyo, kuya kufuneka uphephe:

Inyama ebomvu, njengenyama yenkomo, yemvana, neyehagu. Umkhondo wegazi osuka kwezi nyama ungabonakala kwisitulo sakho.
Ngaba kukho nayiphi na imingcipheko kuvavanyo?
Akukho mngcipheko waziwayo wokuba novavanyo lwegazi lobugqi.

Zithetha ntoni iziphumo?
Ukuba iziphumo zakho ezivela kuvavanyo lwegazi lobugqi zibonisa ukuba unegazi kwisitulo sakho, oko kuthetha ukuba unokopha kwindawo ethile kwindlela yakho yokugaya. Kodwa oko akusoloko kuthetha ukuba unomhlaza. Ezinye iimeko ezinokubangela igazi kwisitulo sakho ziquka izilonda, i-hemorrhoids, i-polyps, kunye ne-benign (hayi umhlaza) izicubu.

Ukuba unegazi kwisitulo sakho, umboneleli wakho uya kuncoma iimvavanyo ezininzi ukufumana indawo echanekileyo kunye nesizathu sokopha kwakho. Olona vavanyo luqhelekileyo lokulandelisa yi-colonoscopy. Ukuba unemibuzo malunga neziphumo zovavanyo lwakho, thetha nomboneleli wakho.

Funda ngakumbi malunga novavanyo lwaselabhoratri, uluhlu lwereferensi, kunye neziphumo zokuqonda.

Ngaba kukho enye into ekufuneka ndiyazi malunga novavanyo lwegazi lobugqi?
Ukuhlolwa rhoqo komhlaza we-colorectal, njengovavanyo lwegazi lobugqi, sisixhobo esibalulekileyo kumlo ochasene nomhlaza. Uphononongo lubonisa ukuba uvavanyo lokuhlola lunokunceda ukufumana umhlaza kwangoko kwaye kunokunciphisa ukusweleka kwesi sifo.

Ukuba uthatha isigqibo sokusebenzisa uvavanyo lwegazi lobugqi kuvavanyo lwakho lomhlaza we-colorectal, kuya kufuneka wenze uvavanyo rhoqo ngonyaka.

Ungathenga i-gFOBT kunye neekhithi zokuqokelelwa kwesitulo se-FIT ngaphandle kwencwadi kagqirha. Uninzi lwezi mvavanyo zifuna ukuba uthumele isampulu yesitulo sakho elebhu. Kodwa ezinye iimvavanyo zingenziwa ngokupheleleyo ekhaya ngeziphumo ezikhawulezayo. Ukuba ucinga ukuthenga uvavanyo lwakho, buza umboneleli wakho ukuba yeyiphi eyona ikulungeleyo.

Bonisa iimbekiselo
Imixholo yezeMpilo eNxulumeneyo
Umhlaza weColorectal
Ukopha emathunjini
Iimvavanyo zoNyango ezinxulumeneyo
I-anoscopy
Uvavanyo lwezonyango lwasekhaya
Iimvavanyo zokuHlola umhlaza weColorectal
Indlela Yokuhlangabezana Nexhala Lovavanyo Lwezonyango
Ululungiselela njani uvavanyo lwaseLebhu
Uziqonda njani iziphumo zeLebhu yakho
Iimvavanyo ze-Osmolality
Iseli yeGazi eMhlophe (WBC) eStool
Ulwazi olukule sayithi akufuneki lusetyenziswe endaweni yokhathalelo lwezonyango okanye iingcebiso. Qhagamshelana nomboneleli wezempilo ukuba unemibuzo malunga nempilo yakho.