I-Fecal calprotectin (FC) yi-36.5 kDa iprotheni ebopha i-calcium eyenza i-60% ye-neutrophil cytoplasmic proteins kwaye iqokelelwe kwaye isebenze kwiindawo zokudumba kwamathumbu kwaye ikhutshwe kwilindle.

I-FC ineentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo, kuquka i-antibacterial, i-immunomodulatory, kunye ne-antiproliferative activities. Ngokukodwa, ubukho be-FC buxhomekeke ngokobungakanani bokufuduka kwe-neutrophils kwi-gastrointestinal tract. Ke ngoko, luphawu oluluncedo lokudumba kwamathumbu ukufumanisa ubukho kunye nobukhulu bokuvuvukala emathunjini.

Kunokuthatha amanyathelo amane kuphela ukuphuhlisa ukudumba kwamathumbu ukuya kumhlaza: ukudumba kwamathumbu -> iipolyps zamathumbu -> i-adenoma -> umhlaza wamathumbu. Le nkqubo ithatha iminyaka okanye amashumi eminyaka, ibonelela ngamathuba aneleyo okuhlolwa kwangaphambili kwezifo zamathumbu. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba abantu abaninzi abahoywa ngqalelo ekuhlolweni kwangoko, iimeko ezininzi zomhlaza wamathumbu zifunyaniswa sele zikwinqanaba eliphezulu.

Ngokwedatha egunyazisiweyo ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe, inqanaba lokusinda leminyaka emi-5 yomhlaza we-colorectal wangethuba linokufikelela kwi-90% ukuya kwi-95%. Ukuba yi-carcinoma in situ (elona nqanaba lokuqala), izinga lokunyanga lisondele kwi-100%. Umyinge weminyaka emi-5 wokusinda komhlaza wesisu osemva kwexesha ungaphantsi kwe-10%. Ezi datha zicebisa ngamandla ukuba uvavanyo kwangoko lubalulekile ekuphuculeni ukusinda kunye namazinga okunyanga izigulana ezinomhlaza wamathumbu. Okwangoku, ezinye iingcali ziye zacebisa ukuba abantu abaqhelekileyo kufuneka bavavanyelwe umhlaza wamathumbu kwangethuba emva kweminyaka engama-40, kwaye abantu abanembali yosapho okanye ezinye izinto ezisemngciphekweni omkhulu kufuneka bahlolwe kwangoko.

Calprotectin ukubona reagentyimveliso engenabuhlungu, engabonakaliyo, elula ukuyisebenzisa esetyenziselwa ukuvavanya iqondo lokuvuvukala kwamathumbu kunye nokuncedisa ekuxilongeni izifo ezinxulumene nokuvuvukala kwamathumbu (isifo sofuba, i-adenoma, umhlaza we-colorectal). Ukuba uvavanyo lwe-calprotectin alunayo, awudingi ukwenza i-colonoscopy okwangoku. Ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo zisithi unayo, ungoyiki kakhulu. Uninzi lweziphumo ze-post-colonoscopy zizilonda ezinobungozi ezifana ne-adenomas. Ezi zilonda zinokulawulwa ngokufanelekileyo ngokungenelela kwangethuba.