Spike glycoprotein e teng ka holim'a coronavirus e ncha 'me e fetoha habonolo joalo ka Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta(B.1.351), Delta(B.1.617.2), Gamma(P.1) le Omicron (B. 1.1.529, BA.2, BA.4, BA.5).

Viral nucleocapsid e entsoe ka nucleocapsid protein (N protein for short) le RNA. Protheine ea N e batla e tsitsitse, karolo e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea liprotheine tsa sebopeho sa kokoana-hloko le kutloisiso e phahameng ha e fumanoa.

Ho ipapisitsoe le likarolo tsa protheine ea N, Monoclonal antibody ea N protheine khahlano le coronavirus e ncha e ile ea khethoa molemong oa nts'etsopele le moralo oa lisebelisoa tsa rona tsa liteko tsa Antigen tse bitsoang "SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Rapid Test (Colloidal Gold)" e reretsoeng ho lemoha boleng ba SARS-CoV-2 Antigen mefuteng ea nasal swab in vitro ka ho lemoha N protheine.

Ho bolela, bakeng sa mofuta oa hona joale oa spike glycoprotein mutant joaloka Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta(B.1.351), Delta(B.1.617.2), Gamma(P.1) le Omicron (B.1.1) .529, BA.2, BA.4, BA.5). Ts'ebetso ea tlhahlobo e potlakileng ea SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Rapid (Colloidal Gold) e hlahisoang ke k'hamphani ea rona e ke ke ea ameha.