Kanseri yibara

Kanseri y'amara (CRC, harimo na kanseri y'inkondo y'umura na kanseri y'amara) ni kimwe mu bibyimba bikunze kwibasira inzira yo mu gifu.

Kanseri yo mu gifu yo mu Bushinwa yabaye “umwicanyi wa mbere mu gihugu”, abagera kuri 50% by'abarwayi ba kanseri yo mu gifu baboneka mu Bushinwa, naho 60% by'abatinze na nyuma.

Tutitaye ku ndwara nshya cyangwa impfu, umubare wa kanseri yo mu gifu urenze kanseri y'ibihaha. Kanseri yo munda niyo yakira byoroshye kanseri zose binyuze mugupima hakiri kare. Nibintu byambere byabantu batsinze kanseri. 5% gusa bya kanseri yibara yubushinwa basuzumwe hakiri kare, naho 60-70% byabarwayi barwaye kanseri yibara basanze bafite lymph node cyangwa metastase ya kure. Igipimo cyo kwisubiramo cyari hejuru ya 30%.

Ubuyapani na Koreya y'Epfo na byo ni ibihugu bifite kanseri nyinshi zo mu gifu, ariko igipimo cyazo cyo kwisuzumisha hakiri kare ni 50-60%, kandi abarwayi barenga 90% barashobora gukira. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu gihugu ndetse no ku rwego mpuzamahanga bwerekana ko ingamba zo gusuzuma kanseri yibara zishobora kugabanya kwandura no gupfa kwa kanseri yibara.

Mu myaka yashize, usibye Uburayi, Amerika y'Amajyaruguru, Ubuyapani, Singapuru, Koreya y'Epfo, Tayiwani, na Hong Kong, habaye guverinoma iyobowe na leta mu rwego rwo hejuru. Kwipimisha hakiri kare kugirango hamenyekane kanseri yo mu gifu ifite amahirwe yo gukira burundu, bifite akamaro gakomeye mumibereho nagaciro kisoko.

Kuba kanseri yibara ni inzira ndende. Kuva kuri polyps kugeza hyperplasia idasanzwe kugeza kanseri, mubisanzwe bifata igihe kirekire, gitanga igihe cyo gusuzuma kanseri yibara. Kwipimisha neza hakiri kare no kuvura bishobora kugabanya kwandura kanseri 60% naho impfu zikaba 80%.

2, Akamaro ka calprotectin mugupima imikorere yamara

Calprotectin ni poroteyine ya calcium-zinc ihuza poroteyine ikomoka kuri neutrophile na macrophage, ifite uburemere bwa molekile ingana na 36.000, heterodimer yashizweho n’ishyirahamwe ridahwitse ry’iminyururu ibiri iremereye MRP14 n’umunyururu umwe MRP8, wa S100. Poroteyine yo mu muryango.

Binyuze mubitabo byinshi byubushakashatsi no kugenzura kwa muganga, calprotectin ifite sensibilité yo kumenya kanseri yibara kandi ntabwo iterwa nicyiciro cyibibyimba, gishobora kuboneka mugihe cyambere kandi kidafite ibimenyetso. Irashobora gukoreshwa nkikimenyetso cyo gusuzuma kanseri yibara.

Ubukangurambaga bwa fecal calprotectin, gupima amaraso ya fecal na serumu CEA kuri kanseri yibara ni 88.51%, 83.91% na 44.83%. Igipimo cyiza cyo gupima amaraso ya fecal na serumu CEA kubarwayi bafite icyiciro cya D nicyiciro A cyaragabanutse cyane ugereranije n’abarwayi bafite icyiciro C na D. Nta tandukaniro rikomeye ryagaragaye ku gipimo cyiza cya calprotectine fecal ku barwayi bafite ibyiciro bitandukanye bya Abatware.

Ubukangurambaga bwo gupima fecal calprotectin kuri kanseri y'inkondo y'umura bwageze kuri 92.7%, naho agaciro keza ko guhanura kwa NPV kageze kuri 98.6%. Fecal calprotectin kuri kanseri yibara, ≥10mm polyps colorectal polyps yose hamwe agaciro keza ko guhanura NPV yageze kuri 97.2%.

Kugeza ubu, ibihugu birenga 20 nka Amerika, Ubwongereza, Kanada, Ubufaransa, Ubudage, n'Ubusuwisi byakoresheje calprotectin nk'ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi mu gusuzuma indwara zifata amara na kanseri ku bantu bafite ibyago byinshi by’indwara zo mu nda, kandi basuzuma umuriro indwara yo munda. Ibimenyetso bifatika kandi bikiza bikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byubuvuzi.

3, Ibyiza bya calprotectin namaraso yubupfumu hamwe no kumenya kanseri yo munda

1. Byoroshye gukora: icyitegererezo kimwe, ibisubizo byinshi byikizamini
2. Ntabwo byongera ingorane zo gukora nigiciro cyigikoresho: igikoresho gishyizwe, kandi ibikoresho bifite ibikoresho bikurikije ibisabwa.
3. Ibyiyumvo byinshi kandi byihariye: indangagaciro yumuriro, kuva amaraso gastrointestinal
4. Icyiciro cyo gusuzuma hakiri kare: ongera amahirwe yo kwipimisha adenocarcinoma na polyps
5. Igiciro gito cyo gutahura, kirashobora gukoreshwa nkamazi ya colonoskopi
6. Kwihangana: kwerekana buri mwaka icyiciro

Ibimenyetso bisanzwe bya kanseri yibara:

Gutwika amara - calprotectin, Dukes icyiciro nicyiciro abarwayi A na B bapimye amaraso yubupfumu hamwe na serumu CEA igipimo cyiza kiri hasi cyane ugereranije nabarwayi bafite icyiciro cya C na D, Dukes ibyiciro bitandukanye byumurwayi, igipimo cyiza cya calprotectin fecal Itandukaniro rikomeye.

Amaraso ya Gastrointestinal - amaraso yubupfumu, transferrin. Gastrointestinal hemorhage bivuga gutakaza amaraso binyuze mumitsi ya gastrointestinal kubwimpamvu zitandukanye. Impamvu zikunze kubaho zirimo gutwika inzira yigifu ubwayo, kwangirika kwa mashini, indwara yimitsi, ibibyimba, nindwara zifata imyanya ndangagitsina. Kwipimisha amaraso yubupfumu nuburyo busanzwe kandi bwingenzi bwo gusuzuma amaraso gastrointestinal.

4, Uburyo bwo kumenya calprotectin fecal

Ikizamini cyibizamini bya Calprotectin (uburyo bwa zahabu bwa colloidal) burashobora gukoreshwa wenyine kugirango tumenye igice cya kabiri cya calprotectine mubitereko byabantu. Irashobora kandi gukoreshwa hamwe na WIZ ikurikirana ya immunoassays.

Calprotectin assay kit (fluorescence immunochromatography) irashobora kugera kumubare wuzuye, indangagaciro zumubare nyawo, hamwe numurongo mugari, kugirango ugere ku ngaruka zo gutandukanya indwara zo munda.

Ikizamini cyo gupima amaraso (uburyo bwa zahabu ya colloidal) gikoreshwa mugushakisha neza hemoglobine yumuntu mumyanda yabantu, ikaba ikwiye kwisuzumisha kuva amaraso gastrointestinal.