Khansara ya m'mimba

Khansara ya colorectal (CRC, kuphatikizapo khansa ya m'matumbo ndi khansa ya m'matumbo) ndi imodzi mwazotupa zowopsa za m'mimba.

Khansara ya m'mimba yaku China yakhala "wakupha woyamba", pafupifupi 50% ya odwala khansa ya m'mimba amapezeka ku China, ndipo 60% yapakati komanso mochedwa.

Mosasamala kanthu za matenda atsopano kapena imfa, chiwerengero chonse cha khansa ya m'mimba chaposa khansa ya m'mapapo. Khansara ya m'mimba ndi yomwe imachiritsidwa mosavuta kuposa khansa yonse poyang'ana msanga. Ndilo linga loyamba la anthu kuthana ndi khansa. Ndi 5% yokha ya khansa yaku China yomwe idapezeka msanga, ndipo 60-70% ya odwala khansa yapakhungu adapezeka kuti ali ndi ma lymph nodes kapena metastases akutali. Mlingo wobwereza unali wokwera mpaka 30%.

Japan ndi South Korea nawonso ndi mayiko omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu la khansa ya m'mimba, koma chiwerengero chawo chofulumira ndi 50-60%, ndipo odwala oposa 90% amatha kuchiritsidwa. Kafukufuku wapakhomo komanso wapadziko lonse lapansi akuwonetsa kuti kuyezetsa khansa ya colorectal kumatha kuchepetsa kuchulukana komanso kufa kwa khansa ya colorectal.

M’zaka zaposachedwapa, kuwonjezera ku Ulaya, North America, Japan, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, ndi Hong Kong, pakhala kuyendera kochitidwa ndi boma kochitidwa ndi boma. Kuyezetsa koyambirira kwa matenda a khansa ya m'mimba kumakhala ndi mwayi wochiritsidwa kotheratu, ndi kufunikira kwakukulu kwa chikhalidwe ndi mtengo wamsika.

Kupezeka kwa khansa ya m'mimba ndi njira yayitali. Kuchokera ku polyps kupita ku hyperplasia yachilendo kupita ku khansa, nthawi zambiri zimatenga nthawi yayitali, zomwe zimapereka nthawi yowunikira khansa yapakhungu. Kuyeza koyambirira ndi chithandizo chothandizira kungachepetse kuchuluka kwa khansa ndi 60% komanso kufa ndi 80%.

2, Kufunika kwa calprotectin pakuwunika ntchito yamatumbo

Calprotectin ndi calcium-zinc-binding protein yochokera ku neutrophils ndi macrophages, yokhala ndi molekyulu yolemera 36,000, heterodimer yopangidwa ndi bungwe lopanda covalent la unyolo wolemera wa MRP14 ndi unyolo umodzi wa MRP8, wa S100. Zomangamanga za banja.

Kudzera m'mabuku ofufuza komanso kutsimikizika kwachipatala, calprotectin imakhala ndi chidwi chozindikira khansa yapakhungu ndipo sichimakhudzidwa ndi chotupa, chomwe chimapezeka koyambirira komanso kopanda zizindikiro. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati cholembera pakuwunika khansa ya colorectal.

Kukhudzika kwa fecal calprotectin, kuyezetsa magazi kwamatsenga ndi seramu CEA ya khansa yapakhungu inali 88.51%, 83.91% ndi 44.83%, motsatana. The zabwino mlingo wa ndowe zamatsenga magazi kuyezetsa ndi seramu CEA odwala ndi siteji D ndi siteji A anali otsika kwambiri kuposa odwala siteji C ndi D. Panalibe kusiyana kwakukulu mu mlingo wabwino wa fecal calprotectin odwala ndi magawo osiyanasiyana a Dukes.

Kukhudzidwa kwa matenda a fecal calprotectin ku khansa ya m'matumbo kunafika 92.7%, ndipo mtengo wolosera woyipa wa NPV unafika 98.6%. Fecal calprotectin wa khansa yapakhungu, ≥10mm colorectal polyps okwana zoipa kulosera mtengo NPV anafika 97.2%.

Mpaka pano, mayiko opitilira 20 monga United States, Britain, Canada, France, Germany, ndi Switzerland agwiritsa ntchito calprotectin ngati chizindikiro chofunikira powunika matenda otupa am'mimba komanso khansa m'magulu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda am'mimba, ndikuwunikanso kutupa. matenda a m'mimba. Zizindikiro zofunikira komanso zochiritsira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzachipatala.

3, Ubwino wa calprotectin ndi magazi amatsenga kuphatikiza kuzindikira kwa khansa ya m'matumbo

1. Yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito: chitsanzo chimodzi, zotsatira zoyesa zingapo
2. Sichikuwonjezera zovuta za ntchito ndi mtengo wa chida: chidacho chimayikidwa, ndipo zipangizozo zimakhala ndi zofunikira.
3. High tilinazo ndi mwachindunji: kutupa index, m`mimba magazi
4. Kuwunika koyambirira: onjezerani mwayi wowunika adenocarcinoma ndi ma polyps
5. Mtengo wotsika, ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ngalande ya colonoscopy
6. Kulimbikira: kuyang'ana pachaka batch

Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za colorectal cancer:

Kutupa m'mimba - calprotectin, Dukes siteji ndi siteji A ndi B odwala ndi zamatsenga magazi mayeso ndi seramu CEA zabwino mlingo ndi otsika kwambiri kuposa odwala C ndi D siteji, Dukes magawo osiyana a wodwalayo, mlingo wabwino wa fecal calprotectin Kusiyana kwakukulu.

Kutaya magazi m'mimba - magazi amatsenga, transferrin. Kutaya magazi m'mimba kumatanthauza kutaya magazi kudzera m'matumbo a m'mimba pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Zomwe zimayambitsa zimaphatikizira kutupa kwa m'mimba, kuwonongeka kwa makina, matenda a mitsempha, chotupa, ndi matenda a visceral m'matumbo a m'mimba. Kuyezetsa magazi mwamatsenga ndi njira yodziwika bwino komanso yofunika kwambiri yodziwira kutuluka kwa magazi m'mimba.

4, Njira yodziwira fecal calprotectin

Zida zathu zoyesera za calprotectin (njira ya golide wa colloidal) zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pawokha kuti zizindikire mochulukirachulukira wa calprotectin m'zimbudzi za anthu. Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ndi mndandanda wa WIZ wa ma immunoassays.

The calprotectin assay kit (fluorescence immunochromatography) imatha kuzindikira kuchuluka, manambala olondola, komanso mizere yotalikirana, kuti akwaniritse zotsatira za kusiyanitsa matenda am'mimba.

Chida choyezera magazi chamatsenga (njira ya golide ya colloidal) chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira kuti hemoglobini yamunthu ili m'chimbudzi cha anthu, yomwe ndi yoyenera kuzindikira za magazi am'mimba.