Ciwon daji mai launi

Ciwon daji mai launi (CRC, gami da kansar dubura da kansar hanji) ɗaya ne daga cikin mugayen ciwace-ciwacen ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayar cuta.

Ciwon daji na hanji na kasar Sin ya zama “mai kisa na farko na kasa”, kusan kashi 50% na masu fama da cutar kansar ciki na faruwa a kasar Sin, kuma kashi 60% na tsakiya da kuma marigayi.

Ba tare da la'akari da sabon yanayin ko mace-mace ba, jimillar cutar kansar hanji ya zarce kansar huhu. Ciwon daji na hanji shine mafi saukin warkewa daga dukkan cututtukan daji ta hanyar tantancewa da wuri. Shi ne tushen farko na ɗan adam don shawo kan cutar kansa. Kashi 5% kawai na cutar sankarau na kasar Sin an gano su da wuri, kuma kashi 60-70% na marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar kansar launin fata an gano suna da kumburin lymph ko metastases mai nisa. Yawan maimaitawa ya kai 30%.

Japan da Koriya ta Kudu su ma kasashe ne da ke fama da cutar sankara ta hanji, amma a farkon bincikensu ya kai kashi 50-60%, kuma sama da kashi 90% na marasa lafiya za su iya warkewa. Bincike na cikin gida da na duniya ya nuna cewa matakan tantance cutar kansar launin fata na iya rage aukuwa da mace-macen cutar kansar launin fata.

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, ban da Turai, Arewacin Amirka, Japan, Singapore, Koriya ta Kudu, Taiwan, da Hong Kong, an yi manyan gwaje-gwajen kasa da gwamnati ta jagoranta. Binciken farko don gano ciwon daji na gastrointestinal yana da damar da za a warke gaba daya, tare da mahimmancin zamantakewa da darajar kasuwa.

Abin da ya faru na ciwon daji na colorectal tsari ne mai tsawo. Daga polyps zuwa hyperplasia mara kyau zuwa ciwon daji, yawanci yana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo, wanda ke ba da lokaci don tantance ciwon daji na colorectal. Ingantacciyar tantancewa da wuri da maganin sa baki na iya rage yawan kamuwa da cutar kansa da kashi 60% sannan adadin mace-macen da kashi 80%.

2, Muhimmancin calprotectin a cikin gwajin aikin hanji

Calprotectin shine furotin mai ɗaurin calcium-zinc wanda aka samo daga neutrophils da macrophages, tare da nauyin kwayoyin halitta na 36,000, heterodimer wanda ba shi da haɗin gwiwa na sarkar nauyi guda biyu MRP14 da MRP8 mai haske ɗaya, na S100. Protein iyali.

Ta hanyar ɗimbin wallafe-wallafen bincike da tabbatarwa na asibiti, calprotectin yana da babban hankali don gano ciwon daji na launin fata kuma ba ya shafar matakin ƙwayar cuta, wanda za'a iya samuwa a farkon lokacin asymptomatic. Ana iya amfani da shi azaman alama don tantance ciwon daji na launin fata.

Hankali na calprotectin na fecal, gwajin jini na occult na fecal da kuma maganin CEA don ciwon daji na launi shine 88.51%, 83.91% da 44.83%, bi da bi. Matsakaicin ƙimar gwajin jini na ɓoye na fecal da kuma maganin CEA a cikin marasa lafiya tare da mataki na D da matakin A ya ragu sosai fiye da na marasa lafiya tare da matakin C da D. Dukes.

Hankalin ganewar asali na calprotectin na fecal zuwa ciwon daji na dubura ya kai kashi 92.7%, kuma mummunan hasashen darajar NPV ya kai 98.6%. Fecal calprotectin don ciwon daji na launin launi, ≥10mm polyps masu launi mai launi jimlar ƙimar tsinkaya mara kyau NPV ta kai 97.2%.

Ya zuwa yanzu, fiye da kasashe 20 irin su Amurka, Birtaniya, Kanada, Faransa, Jamus, da Switzerland sun yi amfani da calprotectin a matsayin muhimmiyar alama don tantance cututtukan hanji mai kumburi da ciwon daji a cikin yawan mutanen da ke fama da cututtuka na hanji, da kuma kimanta kumburi. ciwon hanji. Ana amfani da alamu masu aiki da warkarwa sosai a cikin aikin asibiti.

3, Amfanin calprotectin da jini na asiri hadewar tantance hadarin ciwon hanji

1. Sauƙi don aiki: samfurin ɗaya, sakamakon gwaji da yawa
2. Ba ya ƙãra wahalar aiki da farashin kayan aiki: an sanya kayan aiki, kuma an haɗa kayan aiki bisa ga bukatun.
3. Babban hankali da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙwayar cuta, bugun jini na gastrointestinal
4. Matakin nunawa na farko: ƙara yuwuwar yin gwajin cutar adenocarcinoma da polyps
5. Ƙananan farashin ganowa, ana iya amfani dashi azaman magudanar ruwa na colonoscopy
6. Dagewa: gwajin batch na shekara-shekara

Alamun alamomin ciwon daji na colorectal:

Intestinal kumburi - calprotectin, Dukes mataki ne mataki A da B marasa lafiya tare da occult jini gwajin da kuma magani CEA tabbatacce kudi ne muhimmanci kasa da marasa lafiya da C da D mataki, Dukes daban-daban matakai na haƙuri, m kudi na fecal calprotectin Muhimmanci bambance-bambance.

Zubar da jini na gastrointestinal - occult jini, transferrin. Zubar da jini a cikin hanji yana nufin asarar jini ta hanyar gastrointestinal saboda dalilai daban-daban. Dalilai na yau da kullun sun haɗa da kumburin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta da kanta, lalacewar inji, cututtukan jijiyoyin jini, ƙari, da cututtukan visceral a cikin sashin gastrointestinal. Gwajin jini na asiri hanya ce ta yau da kullun kuma muhimmiyar hanya ta gano zubar jini na ciki.

4, Hanyar gano calprotectin fecal

Kayan gwajin mu na calprotectin (hanyar zinariya ta colloidal) za a iya amfani da ita ita kaɗai don gano calprotectin a cikin samfuran stool na ɗan adam. Hakanan ana iya amfani dashi tare da jerin WIZ na immunoassays.

Calprotectin assay kit (fluorescence immunochromatography) na iya samun gano ƙididdiga, ingantattun ƙididdiga masu ƙima, da faɗin layi mai faɗi, don cimma tasirin bambance cututtukan hanji.

Ana amfani da kayan gwajin jini na occult (hanyar zinari na colloidal) don gano haemoglobin na ɗan adam a cikin najasar ɗan adam, wanda ya dace da ganewar jini na gastrointestinal.