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In current practice, refinements of the PSA, including subtypes of measurable PSA, rates of change of PSA over time, and various scores based on PSA, can be used to more precisely assess a man’s risk of having prostate cancer.

Extremely conservative use of prostate specific antigen (PSA) screening and referral for biopsy only when PSA levels are significantly elevated are the only strategies that are cost-effective, especially when accompanied by active surveillance for low-risk prostate cancer, a comprehensive cost analysis indicates.

Stevie was a guy who thought he was Judean So he stole some Palestine Did a lot of evil, never caring that his “Jewish State” is just a crime

Nonetheless, wireless charging or not, that rear glass looks great. And while we thought that trio of cameras – Huawei’s calling card in the P20, but more on that later – might look like someone had superglued some extras on, in hand it looks great (and better than the ‘hob cooker’ four piece onm the Mate 20). The in-line Leica and Huawei logos help to soften the vertical arrangement from looking too heavy to the top corner. Indeed, our only moan about the lenses all being to one side is that the phone wobbles about when it’s sat flat on a tabletop.

Urinary incontinence (pad use at 6 years after treatment) was present in 17% of men who had surgery, 4% who had radiotherapy, and 8% of men under active surveillance

Several rapid IgM-based dengue diagnostic tests have also been developed as a quick and easy method for use at the point of care and exist in different formats, including particle agglutination and lateral-flow immunochromatographic strips, with or without plastic cassettes. Most of these tests use recombinant antigens from all four dengue virus serotypes, and the results are available within 15 to 90 min. Several studies have evaluated these commercially available rapid IgM- and IgG-based kits and have been reviewed recently (18). The IgM- and IgG-based kits have sensitivities ranging from 53% to 82% and from 62% to 89%, respectively, and specificities ranging from 75% to 100% and 67% to 95%, respectively, compared with gold standard laboratory-based ELISAs. Even though the rapid tests’ performances are not as sensitive and specific as those of ELISAs, the performance is still acceptable, with results available in a short time frame without laboratory requirement. Recently, a novel lateral-flow assay scheme that uses two-color latex labels for rapid multiplex detection of IgG/IgM antibodies to DENV and chikungunya virus in 10 min was reported by Lee et al. (48) (Table 3). With further clinical validation performed, this assay has significant potential as a POCT for the differential diagnosis of numerous pathogens of interest analyzed quantitatively in an automated point-of-care setting. Another novel integrated device was reported to detect and interpret the ELISA results on a portable lab-on-compact-disc (LOCD) platform by Thiha et al. (49) (Table 3). The system applies absorption spectrophotometry to measure the absorbance (optical density) of the sample using a monochromatic light source and an optical sensor. The device allows automated analysis of the results in a quantitative manner, with 95% sensitivity and 100% specificity (Table 3) in dengue virus detection compared with gold standard commercial ELISA microplate readers.

When compared with the R/I group, the level of P-ERK showed completely different changes (Fig. 5 a and d). The level of P-ERK in Lac and M-Post groups was significantly higher when compared to the R/I group (P < 0.05). Alternatively, a reduction in P-ERK was observed in the Hyd group (P < 0.05), and the Lac + Hyd group remained similar to the R/I group (P > 0.05). The expression of P-ERK in the Lac, Hyd, and Lac + Hyd groups was significantly lower than that of the M-Post group (P < 0.05).

Gupta, R., Reifenberger, R. G. & Kulkarni, G. U. Cellphone camera imaging of a periodically patterned chip as a potential method for point-of-care diagnostics. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 6, 3923–3929 (2014).

This news release is about a blood test intended to more specifically define a man’s likelihood of having a high-grade prostate cancer tumor. It alerts readers several times to the preliminary nature of the small “proof of concept” study. However, highlighting a “94% accuracy” in the headline and lead paragraph is unjustified. The release does not mention cost, nor does it adequately discuss potential benefits or harms. The release implies that this test offers something unique, but it fails to tell readers that other blood tests are much farther along in the research process.

Evidence suggests that different men judge the benefits and harms of PSA testing and its consequences differently. The linked systematic review on the values and preferences of men considering PSA screening29 included studies that reported quantitative data on the degree of benefits (such as reduction in mortality risk) that men would require and degree of harms (such as increase in risk of incontinence) that men would be willing to accept to undergo prostate cancer screening. Five studies were identified that investigated a direct choice related to PSA screening.29

What kind of study was it? In this case, it was a mathematical modeling study parsing out what happens when men randomized to be in the “non-screened” group don’t follow instructions and get screened anyway, and how this affects the interpretation of results. Few stories commented on this aspect of the study except the New York Times which quoted Kenneth Lin, MD saying that “results from models are less convincing than data from actual clinical trials.”